Tool



Dec. 17, 1957 o. A. ANDLER 2,816,352

TOOL

Original Filed 001:. 2, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 V, IE

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United States Patent Ofiice 2,816,352 Patented Dec. 17, 1957 TOOL OttoA. Andler, Chicago, Ill.

Original application October 2, 1951, Serial No. 249,291, now Patent No.2,688,902, dated September 14, 1954. givided and this application May11, 1954, Serial No.

2 Claims. (Cl. 29-105) My invention relates to pipe fitting and includesamong its objects and advantages a compact and convenientmultiple-operation tool for on-the-spot use in conditioning the ends ofpipes at the time of assembly on the job.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent as the descriptionproceeds.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a perspective view of a complete tool unit according to theinvention;

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the center of the holder in aplane transverse to the axis of the tool;v

Figure 3 is a section on line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a face view of the female cutting element partly broken awayand in section;

Figure 5 is a section on line 55 of Figure 4;

. Figure dis a section of a frame joint on line 6--6 of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a section of the other frame joint on line I'7 of Figure l;and

I Figure 8 is a detail section of the end of a Work piece after it hasbeen machined.

In the embodiment of the invention selected for illustration, the toolproper comprises a hub 10, a male cutting member 12 having threecuttings edges, and a female cutting member 14 having six cutting edges.The cutting members are coaxial with the hub and function therewith as arigid integral unit in use.

Structurally, the hub has a central axial bore at 16 threaded to receivethe ends of two male screw-threaded stud members, of which one member 18is threaded into a tapped hole in the large end of the male cutter 12and the other 28 is threaded into the threaded hole 22 in the small endof the female cutter. Hexagonal holes at 23 provide for convenience inpositioning the stud members 18 and 20. A spacing washer 24 lies betweenthe hub and the end of the female member, which member has a peripheralflange 26 extending radially outward to engage the encircling holder, orcarrier 28. On the other end the spacing washer 31 determines theposition of the flange 32 which is held in the position illustrated byabutment with the end of the male cutting member 12 and which alsoextends out far enough to abut the holder 28. This providesmetal-to-metal contact over a substantial area through members ofsubstantial strength to receive and transmit axial thrust on the cuttingtool. The entire tool is supported by the holder 28 encircling the hub10.

Means are provided for pivotal support of the holder 28 and the toolcarried thereby, pivoted on a transverse axis intersecting the axis ofthe tool proper. As best indicated in Figures 1 and 2, a boss 30projects down from the holder and is bored and tapped to receive thethreaded end 33 of a cylindrical stud 34 having a hexagonal head 36. Thestud 34 is screwed home tight and is rotatably received in the lowerframe bearing 38. On the upper side a somewhat larger boss 40 coaxialwith the boss 38 is made tubular throughout with an external shoulder at42 for abutment with the upper frame bearing 44, and the tubularextension 46 extending above the bearing 44 to receive an externalflange nut 48 and an internal retaining ring 50, both threaded on theextension 46. The ring 50 has a hexagonal nut 52 projecting above theend of the extension 46 for convenience in assembly. The nut 48 providesthe upper abutment for a compression spring 54 normally holding theparts in the position illustrated in Figure 2. A set screw 49 hasthreaded engagement with the nut 48, and passes through the extension 46to enter a shallow socket in the ring 50. This anchors both rings in thepositions determined by adjustment at the place of manufacture. It willbe noted that the stud 34 extends beyond the lower frame bearing 38 inboth directions, leaving sufiicient clearance for the holder 28 andparts carried thereby to move downward about a quarter of an inch.

The lower frame bearing 38 and upper frame bearing 44 are part of arigid frame provided with handle means for exerting axial thrust on thetool and additional handle means for rotating the tool. I haveillustrated a tubular construction comprising two C-shaped portionslying in planes substantially at right angles to each other. The thrustportion comprises an upper member 56, a riser 58 and a horizontal strut60 extending back to the bearing 38. About midheight of the riser 58 andat the level of the axis of the tool is the horizontal stud 62 carryingthe swiveled thrust handle 64. The torque portion includes the upperstrut 66 extending out from the bearing 44, the riser 68 and the lowerhorizontal strut 70. Handle means for rotating the tool is provided inthe form of an extension 72 detachably threaded into the end of thestrut 66'.

To facilitate assembly and separation of the holder and frame, thestruts 60 and 70 include separable joints. Referring to Figures 6 and 7,I have illustrated the strut 60 in two sections, 60 and 61, with theirabutting ends housed in a longitudinally slideable coupling sleeve 74.The outer portion of the strut 70 terminates in abutment with the innerportion 71, and an inside sleeve 73 holds them in alignment. When it isdesired to remove the holder from the frame, the sleeve 74 can bedisplaced in either direction to release that connection, and thereafterthe bearing 38 and the strut portions 61 and 71 integral with it can bedisplaced along the axis of the portion 71 to remove this portion of theframe and allow the holder to be removed from the top bearing 44 bysliding downward. This disconnection of the frame is preceded by removalof the stud 34. I prefer to secure both sleeves 73 and 74 againstunintentional longitudinal movement by removable pins 75.

The work to be done by such a tool is the beveling, or chamfering of theedges of a pipe, which usually has pipe threads on it, but the tool isalso useful for chamfering the edges of an un-threaded pipe which issubsequently to be assembled by welding. In Fig. 8 I have illustratedthe end ofa pipe 78 having pipe threads at 81). The machine operationsfor cutting 01f the end of such a pipe before threading and subsequentlymaking the threads, nearly always leave sharp edges, both inside andoutside, at the extreme end, and frequently small burrs. These sharpedges and burrs may be responsible for injuries to workmen, and theyalso are very prone to get in the way when an assembled unit is beingtightened up, and interfere with getting a tight joint. Both objectionsare substantial, and careful operators customarily remove such burrsbefore assembling a piece of pipe with other pieces. With a toolaccording to the invention, the male cutting member 12 may have anappropriate shape to remove the burrs and provide an accurately machinedinner chamfer \J' as indicated at 82 in Figure 8, and the female member14 is available to provide a similar outer surface at 84.

Pawl and ratchet connecting means are provided betweenthe holder 28 andthe hub 16 so that .a workman can .use a handle '72 long enough to getample leverage and operate by reciprocating the handle through aconvenient arc about the axis of the cutting member. I have illustratedratchet teeth .86 in Figure 2. Each tooth has substantially radial sideportions at 88 for about the lower half .of its height and asubstantially semicircular portion above defining a dome 90. The pawlshaft 92 vertically slideable inside the extension 46, and its head 94terminates in an inwardly projecting tooth having a fiat face at 96adapted to engage any of the radial portions 88 for positive action, andan inclined heel 98 on the opposite side, of such inclination that, onmovement in the opposite direction, the heel 9 8 rides up readily on thedome 9t), and the pawl clicks over the teeth. For convenience inassembly, and satisfactory guidance and wear, 1 form the head '94 withan upwardly directed shoulder 198 where it joins the shaft 92, and Iguide the head in an intermediate sleeve 1&2 which may be made ofhardened wearresisting metal. The sleeve 1432 has an outwardly extendingflange 1'64- engaging a cooperating shoulder on the boss 40 to limit itsinward movement. In assembled position, the sleeve is normally held inabutment with the boss 48 by the retaining ring 58 screwed down againstits upper end. Internally, the sleeve has a lower portion of the rightsize for good slidea'ble engagement with the head 94, a downwardlydirected shoulder 106 limiting the upward movement of the head, and astraight cylindrical portion above the shoulder 106 large enough toleave a clearance space outside the shaft '92 to house the light pawlspring 198 which presses downwardly on the head 94 and upwardly on theretaining ring 50.

In Figure l, the parts are illustrated with the female member 14 inposition to engage the work iece 78 to machine the surface at 84. Meansare provided for holding the parts in the position of Figure l withsufficient force to facilitate this machining operation, and to yieldand permit the'holder to rotate 180 about a vertical axis to bring thefemale member 14 back inside the trust portion of the frame and the malemember 12 out into position to engage the work piece. The boss 40 isprovided with diametrically opposed tapered notches 118, and the framebearing 44 has diametrically opposite teeth 112 projecting downwardlyinto the notches. Itwill be apparent that after the operator hasfinished the machining operation indicated in Figure l, he can set theframe on a bench or on the door and grasp the member 14 with one handwhile holding the frame with the other, and twist the member 14 ineither direction from the position of Figure 1. In doing so he mustexert enough force to overcome the tension of the spring 54 and displacethe holder 28 downwardly about a quarter of an inch so .that'the teeth112 ride up out of the notches 1.10. It is a simple matter to have thespring 54 of the right strength to .permit this to be done conveniently,and still retain the parts position during the cutting operation withample force. After 180 of rotating, the notches 110 will come inregister again with the teeth 112, and the holder will spring back up toits original level, and the tool is ready to be used to insert thecutter 12 inside the work piece and machine the surface 82.

Means are provided for keeping the pawl head '94 facing in the samedirection at all times so that the workman does not have to manipulatethe tool in a left-handed fashion half the time. As best indicated inFigures 1 and 2, the extension 114 is detachably fastened to the upperframe bearing 44, as by screws 1 16. It extends up and across above thetop of tubular extension 46 to define a platform 118 apertured .to clearthe upper end of the pawl pin '92. Rigid with-the platform are two liesabove the platform 118 with its ends between the "arches, or wickets120.The upper-end of the @shaft 912 Iranversely bored to receive .aretainiug pin 122, which wickets. The engagement of the pin 122 with thewickets 120 limits rotation of the pawl to a few degrees.

When the operator rotates the holder 28 to change from one cuttingelement to the other, as soon as the pin 122 strikes the wickets, thepawl is no longer able to turn with the teeth 88, and at one side itsheel 98 will ride up on the tooth behind it and compress the spring 108to lift the pawl up above the teeth just as effectively as in thecorresponding action during the cutting operation. After the reversalhas been completed, the teeth 88 come back into alignment with the face96 and heel '98, and the pawl drops back into the position of Figure .2,but it is still facing in the same sense, so that the pawl and ratchetaction is now reversed with respect to the tool but remains the samewith respect to the frame.

For additional convenience and dependability in assembling anddisassembling, the sleeve 102, as clearly indicated in Figures 2 and 3,projects downwardly far enough to .get in the way of inwardly facingannular shoulders 124 in the adjacent face of the hub .18. This preventsthe hub from accidentally falling out of place when a clumsy workman ischanging one of the cutting elements, some times with the holder in aposition where the teeth 112 are pushed out of the notches 11d, and thepawl '94 is riding across the teeth 86. But the flanges 26 and 32, asclearly indicated in Figure 3, are positioned to leave a clearance withrespect to the holder 28, and this clearance is materially smaller thanthe clearance between the end of the sleeve 102 and the flanges 124, sothat when the tool is in use, and the heavy axial thrust necessary forcutting is being applied, that thrust is transmitted through the flange26 or the flange 32, which is of ample strength and bearing area for thework.

In Figures 4 and 5 I have illustrated a precision mounting for the teeth126 of the female cutter. The body of the cutter is a casting of conicalshape having six longitudinally extending external ribs 128 registeringwith internal slots 130. The teeth 126 fit snugly in the slots 130 and,when not under load, are prevented from falling out 'by a notchedinterlock with the body at their inner ends at 132. A similar notch 134at their outer ends leaves a tang 136 which enters a registeringaperture in a retaining plate 137 fastened by screws 139. For precisionadjustment of the teeth to secure accurate and uniform machining, Iprovide for each tooth an inner set screw 138 and an outer set screw 140by means of which the position ofthe tooth under load can be adjustedaccurately.

To keep the cutting blades 126 firmly seated against the set screws whennot under load, I provide a simple flat leaf spring 142 for each blade.The spring 142 lies on theouter surface of the casting and is fastenedthere with a screw 144. Its inner end engages a groove 146 in the sideof the blade, and presses the blade against the set screws. The rib 128is apertured to let the spring reach into the blade. The tang 136 andplate 137 are :arranged to leave a little clearance, so that the exactposition of the blade depends on the precision adjustment. Thecasting isalso apertured at 148 (see Figure 5 so that if-a bladehappens to stick,its end is accessible to drive it out.

Between the blades the body of the casting lies only slightly below thecutting edges, as clearly indicated in Figure 4. Because the body is soshaped, even the smallestpipe, tube or rod for whichthe-tool is adapted,will be guided into proper position and not get caught or fouled betweenthe cutting blades.

This applicationis a division of my co-pending application Serial Number249,291, filed October 2, 1951, now Patent No. 2,688,902 issuedSeptember 14, 1954.

Others may readily adapt the invention for use under various conditionsof-service by employing one or more of the novel features involved, orequivalents thereof. vIt will be obvious that bolts, tubing, or anymachined cylindrical part, may be finished with the tool disclosed. As

at present advised with respect to the apparent scope of my invention, Idesire to claim the following subject matter:

1. An outside beveling tool for the ends of threaded pipes and similararticles, comprising, in combination: a rigid holder in the shape of ahollow, conical shell; a plurality of uniformly spaced cutting bladescarried by said holder; each blade having a cutting edge and a polygonalbody defined by surfaces parallel to said cutting edge; said holderhaving grooves in its internal surface; each groove being shaped todefine opposed parallel plane faces adapted to receive a blade bodysnugly between them, slideable in any direction parallel to said opposedfaces; each groove having a bottom surface; positive thrust adjustmentmeans for adjusting each blade toward the shell axis; said holder andblades having co-operating abutment faces for limiting axial movement ofeach blade; resilient means carried by said holder for keeping saidblades pressed against said adjustment means when not under workingload; said holder shell defining a conical interior guiding surfaceadapted to engage the end of an inserted pipe of any size within thesize range included by the cutting edges of said blades, to positivelyguide said end into correct working engagement with all said cuttingedges, whereby relatively small work pieces cannot get out of placebetween the more widely spaced portions of said cutting edges; and meansfor rotating said holder.

2. An outside beveling tool for the ends of threaded pipes and similararticles, comprising, in combination: a rigid holder in the shape of ahollow, conical shell; a plurality of uniformly spaced cutting bladescarried by said holder; each blade having a cutting edge and a polygonalbody defined by surfaces parallel to said cutting edge; said holderhaving grooves in its internal surface; each groove being shaped todefine opposed parallel plane faces adapted to receive a blade bodysnugly between them, slideable in any direction parallel to said opposedfaces; each groove having a bottom surface; positive thrust adjustmentmeans for adjusting each blade toward the shell axis; said holder andblades having co-operating abutment faces for limiting axial movement ofeach blade; resilient means for keeping said blades pressed against saidadjustment means when not under working load; said holder shell defininga conical interior guiding surface adapted to engage the end of aninserted pipe of any size within the size range included by the cuttingedges of said blades, to positively guide said end into correct workingengagement with all said cutting edges, whereby relatively small Workpieces cannot get out of place between the more widely spaced portionsof said cutting edges; and means for rotating said holder.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS679,540 Packer July 30, 1901 806,011 Smart -n Nov. 28, 1905 812,366Ritschard Feb. 13, 1906 1,228,951 Morton June 5, 1917 1,499,416 StechJuly 1, 1924 1,534,908 Browder Apr. 21, 1925 1,662,936 Philipp Mar. 20,1928 1,721,378 Draeger July 16, 1929 1,955,447 Wright Apr. 17, 19342,187,221 Brown Jan. 16, 1940 2,292,581 Richardson Aug. 11, 1942 FOREIGNPATENTS 276,252 Great Britain Aug. 25, 1927

